Changes in Techno-Functional Characteristics of Cow Colostrum Powder Prepared by Freeze Drying

Table 4

Physical characteristics of freeze-dried bovine skimmed colostrum powder and colostrum whey powder.

Type of powder	Bovine skimmed colostrum powder			Bovine colostrum whey powder
Constituents	1st milking	2nd milking	3rd milking	1st milking	2nd milking	3rd milking
Loose bulk density (g/ml)	0.497^a ± 0.007	0.617^b ± 0.009	0.696^c ± 0.007	0.271^d ± 0.009	0.310^e ± 0.007	0.423^f ± 0.010
Packed bulk density (g/ml)	0.625^a ± 0.008	0.714^b ± 0.008	0.785^c ± 0.010	0.357^d ± 0.006	0.448^e ± 0.007	0.53^f ± 0.011
Hausner ratio	1.37^a ± 0.019	1.24^b ± 0.009	1.14^c ± 0.017	1.43^d ± 0.028	1.36^e ± 0.018	1.23^f ± 0.006
Porosity	100.2^a ± 0.019	100.1^a ± 0.013	100.1^a ± 0.011	100.1^a ± 0.013	100.1^a ± 0.014	100.1^a ± 0.012
Color
value	91.8^a ± 0.155	94.62^b ± 0.145	93.21^c ± 0.091	92.52^e ± 0.052	93.41^d ± 0.135	95.06^f ± 0.096
value	1.80^a ± 0.031	2.76^d ± 0.031	5.1^b ± 0.037	−7.32^e ± 0.023	−4.82^c ± 0.015	−3.8^f ± 0.014
value	25.64^a ± 0.064	23.42^d ± 0.055	21.39^b ± 0.59	22.68^e ± 0.054	20.70^c ± 0.044	16.35^f ± 0.455
Wettability (sec)	150.1^a ± 3.03	79.80^b ± 1.19	64.87^c ± 0.98	35.80^d ± 0.54	25.40^e ± 0.57	18.20^f ± 0.89

n = 15, mean ± SE; values followed by different superscripts are significantly different .