Recyclable Magnetite Nanoparticle Catalyst for One-Pot Conversion of Cellobiose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Water

Table 2

Effect of Fe₃O₄ NPs on fructose conversion to 5-HMF. Reaction conditions: 10 mL of 100 mM fructose solution and 0.02 g Fe₃O₄ NPs at 160°C for 24 hours.

Catalyst	Fructose conversion (%)	Glucose yield (%)	5-HMF yield (%)
No catalyst	>99	<1	8.9 ± 0.1
Fe3O4 NPs	>99	<1	17.3 ± 0.5