Enhanced Hydrophilicity and Protein Adsorption of Titanium Surface by Sodium Bicarbonate Solution

Table 4

Relative elemental compositions of untreated, NaHCO₃-treated, and rinsed SLA specimens, obtained from the survey spectra (%).

Modification	C	Ti	O	Na
Untreated	33.2 ± 3.9%	19.4 ± 1.8%	47.2 ± 2.1%	n.d.
NaHCO3-treated	25.2 ± 1.9%	2.7 ± 2.3%	51.4 ± 1.5%	20.7 ± 3.2%
Rinsed	35.0 ± 5.8%	17.4 ± 3.6%	43.8 ± 3.2%	3.9 ± 1.5%