Nanomaterials are prepared by blending materials in nanoscales. They provide superior physical, mechanical, wear, thermo electric, and optic properties compared to conventional metals and alloys. Nanomaterials can be prepared by the ball milling process and can be characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Nanomaterials can be fabricated using the powder metallurgy route, diffusion bonding, compression molding technique, and liquid metallurgy routes such as stir casting, squeeze casting, thixo casting, in situ methods, and vapor deposition methods. Nanomaterials are widely used in automobile and space applications because of their lower density, superior bulk hardness, excellent ultimate tensile strength, fatigue strength, bending strength, impact strength, and resistance to wear and corrosion in acidic and marine environments.

Industries are moving towards automation and robotics, expecting a product which offers better serviceability. The aim is to reduce the weight of the components, increase the functionality, and reduce the cost. The present challenges with using conventional materials is that they offer inferior mechanical properties including lower hardness due to the addition of reinforcements at the macro scale. In addition, the mechanical properties are worsened due to cracks initiated at the interface between the matrix and reinforcement, which makes composite materials weak. In addition, these materials offer poor resistance to corrosion and dry and wet sliding wear conditions. The tool life decreases while machining the material using conventional machining techniques, and it is difficult to machine using nontraditional machining techniques. Welding efficiency decreases because of the use of large particle reinforcements in matrices.

This Special Issue aims to publish original research and review articles in nanomaterials for Industry 4.0, hybrid composites, green and biocomposites manufactured using various processes. It covers manufacturing methods and characterization of fiber-reinforced and particle-reinforced nanomaterials for mechanical properties, wear and corrosion, various additive manufacturing techniques of composites, conventional and nontraditional machining of metals, alloys and composites, joining of composites, dissimilar metals and alloys, heat treatment, laser cladding, and other surface treatment methods.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Nanomaterials for Industry 4.0: processing and characterization
• 3D printing and advanced additive manufacturing of metals and polymers for Industry 4.0
• Hybrid, green, and biocomposite materials for functional components
• Welding methods and joining techniques for Industry 4.0
• Conventional and advanced machining for Industry 4.0
• Friction stir processing of metals and other surface modification techniques