The Impact of ATRA on Shaping Human Myeloid Cell Responses to Epithelial Cell-Derived Stimuli and on T-Lymphocyte Polarization

Figure 2

Effects of ATRA on the expression of chemokines in cytokine-stimulated Caco2 cells. Relative expression of chemokines in Caco2 cells, prestimulated by TNF-α or IL-1β in the presence or absence of ATRA, was determined as described in Figure 1 and was compared to unstimulated cells cultured with or without ATRA. The possible contribution of DMSO used as a solvent control of ATRA was tested in Caco2 cells cultured in the presence of TNF-α or IL-1β with or without DMSO. (a) Expression of chemokines secreted by Caco2 cells prestimulated by TNF-α, in the presence or absence of ATRA. (b) Expression of chemokines secreted by Caco2 cells prestimulated by IL-1β in the presence or absence of ATRA. (c) Chemokines induced exclusively by IL-1β stimulation in Caco2 cells.  , . Bar diagrams indicate mean ± SD of 4 dot blots which was averaged after densitometry analysis and normalized with the “sample control” provided with the kit.

(a)

(b)

(c)