Elevated Plasma Level of Interferon-λ1 in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Upregulated Expression in CD8⁺ and Epithelial Cells and Induction of Inflammatory Cell Accumulation

Figure 4

Double labeling immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of interferon- (IFN-) λ1 in human skin tissue. (a–g) showed representative graphs of the expression of IFN-λ1 (in brown, open arrow head) in (a) tryptase⁺ (in red, solid arrow head), (b) chymase⁺ (in red) mast cells, and (c) major basic protein (MBP)⁺ eosinophils (in red, solid arrow head); IFN-λ1 (in red, open arrow heads) in (d) CD8⁺ T cells (in brown), (e) lysozyme (Lys)⁺ macrophages (in brown, solid arrow head), (f) CD20⁺ B cells (in brown, solid arrow head), and (g) lactoferrin (Lac)⁺ neutrophils (in brown). Double labeled cells were in brown and red (arrows). Magnification was ×400. See Table 3.

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(g)