The Reward-Penalty Mechanism in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Asymmetric Information of the Third-Party Collector

Table 1

Our work vs. the existing literature¹.

Authors	Supply chain structure	Reverse channel			Asymmetric information	Government intervention
		M	R	C
Savaskan et al. [7]	CLSC	✓	✓	✓
Huang et al. [8]	Dual collecting channel CLSC		✓	✓
Giovanni and Zaccour [17]	CLSC		✓
Zhang et al. [22]	Dual-channel supply chain				Demand uncertainty and production cost uncertainty
Ma et al. [23]	Supply chain				The social responsibility of the manufacturer
Xie and Ma [28]	Reverse supply chain			✓		Subsidy
Rahman and Subramanian, [29]	CLSC	✓				Subsidy
Wang et al. [15]	CLSC		✓		The collection effort level of the retailer	RPM
Wang et al. [33]	CLSC	✓				RPM
Our paper	CLSC			✓	The collection effort level of the collector	RPM

¹ M, R, and C represent the manufacturer, the retailer, and the collector, respectively.