Research Article
Biofeedback Based Home Balance Training can Improve Balance but Not Gait in People with Multiple Sclerosis
Table 2
Results of all parameters.
| | Parameter | Experimental group ()-baseline mean (SD) | Experimental group ()-4 weeks mean (SD) | Wilcoxon | Control group ()-baseline mean (SD) | Control group ()-4 weeks mean (SD) | Wilcoxon |
| | Berg balance scale (0–56) | 48.83 (9.44) | 50.7 (8.69) | 0.001 | 51.5 (6.16) | 52.19 (5.07) | 0.189 | | Mini-BESTest (0–28) | 22.39 (5.96) | 23.52 (5.99) | 0.001 | 23.13 (5.17) | 23.94 (3.8) | 0.133 | | TUG (sec) | 12.12 (11.52) | 11.5 (9.87) | 0.988 | 9.62 (5.78) | 9.17 (5.06) | 0.139 | | TUG-with dual cognitive task (sec) | 13.97 (12.96) | 12.31 (9.17) | 0.128 | 11.2 (6.92) | 10.04 (4.78) | 0.132 | | ABC | 70.83 (22.41) | 65.99 (27.7) | 0.144 | 70.24 (23.96) | 72.7 (26.07) | 0.944 | | FESI-I | 29.35 (11.2) | 30.30 (13.13) | 0.275 | 25.56 (9.79) | 28.94 (12.13) | 0.345 | | MSWS-12 | 32.52 (15.62) | 30.91 (17.4) | 0.073 | 30.5 (15.28) | 33.94 (14.59) | 0.123 | | Velocity-normal (cm/sec) | 108.96 (42.29) | 114.37 (45.98) | 0.128 | 110.47 (35.29) | 116.38 (34.41) | 0.049 | | Cadence-normal (number/min) | 102.41 (26.97) | 105.45 (29.79) | 0.001 | 102.55 (18.31) | 104.3 (18.15) | 0.001 | | Step time -normal (sec) | 0.66 (0.30) | 0.64 (0.30) | 0.006 | 0.62 (0.21) | 0.60 (0.16) | 0.060 | | Step time -normal (sec) | 0.66 (0.33) | 0.68 (0.46) | 0.354 | 0.60 (0.15) | 0.59 (0.15) | 0.101 | | Step length -normal (cm) | 61.21 (13.88) | 64.66 (15.49) | 0.140 | 62.85 (12.84) | 65.58 (11.86) | 0.011 | | Step length -normal (cm) | 60.72 (13.46) | 63.47 (15.81) | 0.394 | 63.32 (13.6) | 65.58 (11.86) | 0.030 | | Single leg stance -normal (%) | 31.83 (7.05) | 32.11 (7.05) | 0.009 | 33.04 (4.3) | 33.91 (2.95) | 0.098 | | Single leg stance -normal (%) | 32.77 (6.4) | 34.27 (7.34) | 0.235 | 32.6 (4.67) | 34.29 (3.57) | 0.005 | | Velocity-fast (cm/sec) | 144.33 (58.5) | 144.08 (58.33) | 0.858 | 146.53 (50.92) | 153.42 (53.64) | 0.017 | | Cadence-fast (number/min) | 119.2 (35.68) | 119.92 (35.57) | 0.951 | 119.25 (23.41) | 120.52 (24.82) | 0.163 | | Step time -fast (sec) | 0.60 (0.35) | 0.57 (0.27) | 0.327 | 0.53 (0.19) | 0.53 (0.17) | 0.254 | | Step time -fast (sec) | 0.61 (0.43) | 0.60 (0.42) | 0.819 | 0.52 (0.15) | 0.52 (0.15) | 0.410 | | Step length -fast (cm) | 71.08 (15.23) | 68.93 (17.38) | 0.378 | 68.33 (16.01) | 74.07 (15.15) | 0.007 | | Step length -fast (cm) | 68.33 (16.01) | 68.38 (17.74) | 0.951 | 72.06 (16.37) | 74.23 (15.18) | 0.023 | | Single leg stance -fast (%) | 33.6 (7.73) | 34.63 (7.0) | 0.083 | 35.17 (4.1) | 35.22 (4.13) | 0.932 | | Single leg stance -fast (%) | 34.87 (7.52) | 34.93 (7.62) | 0.343 | 33.51 (5.95) | 35.4 (3.98) | 0.028 |
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