Is There Any Relationship between Upper and Lower Limb Impairments in People with Multiple Sclerosis? A Kinematic Quantitative Analysis

Table 2

Comparison between kinematic parameters of gait (top) and hand-to-mouth task (bottom) for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls (HC). Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

		MS	HC	p-Value
Lower limbs (gait)	Gait speed (m/s)	0.74 ± 0.35	1.28 ± 0.15	<0.001^*
	Stride length (m)	0.94 ± 0.28	1.36 ± 0.12	<0.001^*
	Cadence (steps/min)	90.90 ± 20.71	115.18 ± 8.03	<0.001^*
	Step width (m)	0.22 ± 0.04	0.19 ± 0.03	0.001^*
Upper limbs (hand-to-mouth)	Movement velocity	0.51 ± 0.12	0.58 ± 0.07	0.001^**
	Going phase	45.84 ± 2.23	49.41 ± 3.27	<0.001^**
	Adjusting phase	7.14 ± 4.09	3.72 ± 2.26	<0.001^**
	Return phase	47.15 ± 3.79	44.38 ± 14.60	0.208
	Adjusting sway	3.81 ± 3.80	2.53 ± 1.95	0.053

The symbol * denotes a significant difference in MS vs. HC after Bonferroni correction (). The symbol ** denotes a significant difference in MS vs. HC after Bonferroni correction (). MS: multiple sclerosis; HC: healthy controls.