Traumatic Brain Injury and Substance Related Disorder: A 10-Year Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

Table 3

Cox regression model: significant predictors of substance related disorder after TBI.

Variables	Adjusted HR	(95% CI)	value
Charlson Comorbidity Index	1.77	(1.57–2.00)	<0.001
Age	0.54	(0.48–0.59)	<0.001
Female gender	0.38	(0.29–0.49)	<0.001

HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; TBI, traumatic brain injury.
Model adjusted for age, gender, income, urbanization level, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and relevant comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and malignancy).
The adjusted HR and 95% CI were estimated by a stepwise Cox proportional hazards regression method.