MYC Expression and Metabolic Redox Changes in Cancer Cells: A Synergy Able to Induce Chemoresistance

Table 1

Drugs targeting glucose or glutamine metabolism currently used in clinical trials.

Drug	Target	Effect on MYC	Cancer type	Phase trials	NCT
Silibyn	GLUT	Reduction [91]	Prostate cancer	II	00487721
Gossypol	Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)	Reduction [92]	Small-cell lung carcinoma	II	00773955
			Prostate cancer	II	00666666
			Esophageal/gastroesophageal cancer	I/II	00561197
			Glioblastoma	I	00390403
				II	00540722
Dichloroacetate	Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)	Reduction [93]	Breast cancer and non-small-cell lung carcinoma	II	01029925
			Head and neck cancer	I	01163487
			Brain cancer	II	00540176
Deoxyglucose	Hexokinase II	Reduction [94]	Prostate cancer	I/II	00633087
			Lung cancer and breast cancer	I	00096707
Apigenin	Pyruvate kinase M (PKM)	Reduction [95]	Breast cancer	—	03139227
Diclofenac	GLUT1 and LDH	Reduction [96]	Basal cell carcinoma	II	01358045
CB-839	Glutaminase1 (GLS1)	Reduction [97]	Leukemia	I	02071927
			Colorectal cancer	I/II	02861300
			Hematological tumors	I	02071888
			Melanoma	I/II	02771626
			Triple negative breast cancer and solid tumors	I	02071862