The population affected by chronic, non-transmissible diseases and aging has been increasing in the last decades. Several and diverse causes produce these pathological states, and a common factor involved in most of them is oxidative stress. Cellular oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defence mechanisms. Due to the broad and harmful biological effects of ROS, in the last years, numerous experimental and clinical studies have focused their attention on the participation of oxidative stress as a critical regulator in chronic pathologies and aging.

This Special Issue aims to collate original research and review articles that reflect the progress to elucidate the mechanisms through which the balance between ROS and cellular antioxidant machinery may be altered during aging and chronic non-transmissible diseases causing oxidative damage. We welcome all articles that describe new and essential findings on the role of oxidative stress in disease or aging. The submission of manuscripts that allow expanding knowledge and represent new strategies to treat or prevent a pathological status in which oxidative stress might be involved is expected.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• New mechanisms involved in oxidative damage in aging and chronic non-transmissible diseases: role of oxidant species and antioxidant defence
• Recent advances on cellular and molecular aspects of the mechanism, therapy, or prevention of chronic non-transmissible diseases and age-related diseases in which oxidative stress is involved and potentially can be a target for interventions
• Studies directed to find and develop new antioxidant drugs for the prevention of chronic diseases and aging