Review Article
Is PPAR a Prospective Player in HIV-1-Associated Bone Disease?
Table 1
PPARγ-regulated genes involved in
adiogenesis, glucose uptake, and thermoregulation (↑ positive regulation; ↓
negative regulation).
| PPARγ-regulated genes | | |
| Gene | Tissue/cell type | Function |
| CCAT enhancer binding protein α (CEBPα) [7]↑ | Adipose/preadipose tissue | Transcription factor. CDK2/4 inhibition-cell cycle arrest | Adipose differentiation related protein (ADRP) [50]↑ | Adipose/preadipose tissue | Associated with globule membrane, early marker of adipocyte differentiation | Lipoprotein lipase [49]↑ | Vascular endothelium, heart, muscle, adipose | Lipid hydrolysis from lipoproteins | Adiponectin [49]↑ | Adipose tissue (secreted) | Fatty acid catabolism | Adipocyte protein 2 (aP2/FABP4)
[49]↑ | Adipocytes/macrophages | Intercellular lipid transport | Tumour suppressor candidate 5 (TUSC 5) [56]↑ | Preadipose/adipose tissue | Associated with entry into the
later stages of adipogenesis | Glucose transporters 4 (GLUT) 4 [57]↑ | Wide tissue distribution | Insulin stimulated glucose uptake | Uncoupling proteins 1-3 (UCP 1-3) [58]↑ | Adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver | Thermogenesis/thermoregulation |
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