Review on Selection and Experiment Method of Commonly Studied Simulated Radionuclides in Researches of Nuclear Waste Solidification

Table 4

The application conditions and advantages of the simulated ¹³⁷Cs.

Simulants	Solidified body	Experimental method	Advantages
CsNO3 or CsCl	Cementitious materials	Dissolved in deionized water and directly mixed in the solidified body for immobilization (<100°C)	Stable at low temperature, soluble in water, easy to obtain
CsOH	Pollucite	Hydrothermal reaction (100–200°C)	OH- in CsOH can be converted to H2O by reaction; no other elements were introduced into pollucite except for Cs
Cs2CO3 or CsNO3	Glass or ceramic	Melting method (1000–1350°C)	Decompose at high temperature, releasing Cs2O for the solid-phase reaction; CsOH is not used because it is strongly alkaline and will react violently with the metal container