Fault diagnosis and defect detection are now the key and crucial issues for mechanical and civil structures due to the increase of accident ratios and maintenance costs. Recently, more focus has been on fault diagnosis and defect detection for mechanical and civil structures. The history of fault diagnosis and defect detection, beginning in the 1960s, shows that new developments in this area always occur alongside new sensor technologies and measurement methods.

In order to rapidly report and spread the latest advancements in the science of fault diagnosis and detection, including new discoveries and valuable applied research, from all over the world, this Special Issue intends to publish original research and review articles into all aspects of theoretical and applied investigations about the latest development of sensor technologies and measurement methods for the detection of defects and diagnosis of faults.

The intention of this Special Issue is to open a broad scientific and technical forum for further development of fault diagnosis and defect detection technology. The main themes will be theory and background as well as applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research studies and review articles related to the above themes are encouraged.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Vibration analysis for fault diagnosis
• Guided waves analysis for defect detection
• Sensors and data acquisition techniques for online monitoring of faults
• Model-based health monitoring method with applications
• Signal processing for mechanical and civil structures
• Artificial intelligent models for mechanical and civil structures
• Case study in fault diagnosis of real-world running machines or civil structures