Research Article
Perinatal Stress, Fatigue, Depressive Symptoms, and Immune Modulation in Late Pregnancy and One Month Postpartum
Table 1
Comparison of levels of cytokines and measured variables in late pregnancy and early postpartum.
| | Prenatal | Postnatal | | | | | | Mean ± SD | Median | Range | Mean ± SD | Median | Range |
| IL-1 | | .33 | .04–39.26 | | 1.32 | .15–34.00 | 1.29 | .23 | .15 | .11 | IL-5 | | .67 | .10–5.40 | | 1.55 | .44–3.39 | .77 | .46 | .56 | .22 | IL-7 | | 8.10 | 1.74–28.30 | | 9.23 | 4.02–16.75 | −.67 | .52 | .48 | .19 | G-CSF | | 32.70 | 7.38–54.30 | | 38.17 | 17.65–122.44 | 2.13 | .06 | .56 | .62 | MIP-1 | | 141.23 | 38.74–350.50 | | 161.19 | 67.01–440.04 | 1.00 | .34 | .51 | .29 | MCP | | 22.03 | 12.54–93.16 | | 33.78 | 7.12–90.22 | −.09 | .93 | .72 | .03 | Stress | | 18.00 | 14–26 | | 17.00 | 9–26 | −1.08 | .31 | .30 | .31 | Depressive symptoms | | 23.00 | 8–33 | | 16.00 | 2–22 | −2.96 | .01 | .08 | .62 |
| | | % | | % | Chi/Fisher | |
| Fatigue | | | | | .37 | .46 | Not a problem | 3 | 25.0 | 2 | 16.7 | | | | | Minor | 6 | 50.0 | 10 | 83.3 | | | | | Major | 3 | 25.0 | 0 | 0 | | | | | Depressed | 8 | 66.7 | 6 | 50.0 | .55 | .27 |
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