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| S. no | Key elements | Description | References |
|
| 1. | Privacy | The purposes of this paper in terms of security and privacy of telecare medicine information systems and e-health were also analyzed and appraised. | [18, 19, 41, 57–59] |
| 2. | Sharding | In this article, researchers examine how Ethereum, a well-known blockchain system, will response to sharding. | [44] |
| 3. | Information management system | This study proposes and constructs a blockchain-based intelligent power material storage information management system. | [60] |
| 4. | Efficiency | This study offered interesting undeveloped blockchain solutions, including those for blockchain efficiency, security, creditworthiness, performance, supervision, privacy, and online-to-offline integration. | [61] |
| 5. | Conceptualization | In this paper, author presents perspectives from a heterogeneous collection of practitioners at the cutting edge of blockchain conceptualization, deployment, and development. | [62] |
| 6. | Interledger technique | Study focuses the interledger methods, which are critical for allowing large-scale blockchain networks and ensuring scalable interconnection across different, distributed ledgers. | [63] |
| 7. | Solidity programming language | The paper suggests that the smart contracts are written in the solidity programming language. A private Ethereum network hosts this blockchain and intelligent contract-based platform. | [64] |
| 8. | Structural optimization factor model | This research proposes an intelligent contract structural optimization factor model. The gas optimization theory is used to optimize the structure of blockchain intelligent contracts by modifying the order, limiting the usage of expensive EVM data fields, eliminating duplicate fields, and optimizing intelligent contract algorithms. | [39] |
| 9. | Bibliometric method | This study intends to investigate using the bibliometric technique, research trends, and collaboration in the field of blockchain IoT. According to the findings, the number of publications in this sector has grown dramatically. | [65] |
| 10. | Artificial intelligence | In this article, researchers provide a thorough examination of how blockchain might improve artificial intelligence in these four areas. | [23, 66] |
| 11. | Cryptography | Based on this paper with previous research, the application of material circulation under the emergency condition is investigated and enhances the blockchain with smart contract technology and cryptography. | [67] |
| 12. | 5G networks | The authors go on to look at the possibilities of blockchain in 5G networks and beyond artificial intelligence, as well as open up new research areas for upcoming blockchain-enabled SAG-IoT systems. | [68] |
| 13. | Distributed systems | In this paper, researchers begin by dissecting the main components of blockchain technology and demonstrating the features of each of these components in the context of distributed systems. | [69] |
| 14. | Traceability | The paper has proposed that it requires traceability implementation to solve existing issues of information asymmetry and low visibility is the textile and garment industry. | [70, 71] |
| 15. | Transparency | In the article, author discusses the data, supply chain, feasibility, transparency, traceability, application, integrity, automobile, privacy, and manufacturing. | [71] |
| 16. | Decentralized | This paper delivers to use blockchain to enable decentralized AI applications, such as safe data sharing, data privacy preservation, and providing trustworthy AI decision. | [24, 72–74] |
| 17. | Practical scalability and applicability | In this paper, researchers offer a realistic scalability and applicability evaluation of the Quorum blockchain and its consensus algorithms. | [75] |
| 18. | Symmetric encryption and ring signature | The study covers to safeguard transaction data and users’ identities, symmetric encryption, and ring signature which are utilized. To demonstrate the validity of data redaction, the transaction sender might expose the names and transaction data of the invalid users in an anonymous environment. | [19] |
| 19. | Intelligent contract | The authors propose and elaborate three application scenarios for blockchain-based intelligent contract technology in the supply chain factoring business, focusing on the division and transfer of creditor’s rights certificates, upstream supplier factoring financing, and core enterprise due payment, as well as their implementation processes. | [76] |
| 20. | Reliability | This research examines the reliability and significance of blockchain in smart cities of the future. | [77] |
| 21. | Data integrity | The paper offers a blockchain technique for securing the network slice (NS) administration layer. This process assures the NS settings’ data integrity and dependability. | [78] |
| 22. | Protection | The paper describes a privacy protection structure for blockchain that implement in the multiasset model and account. | [79] |
| 23. | Verifiability | The study enables to remove particular blocks while keeping the blockchain’s verifiability. | [15] |
| 24. | Scalability | The prospects of success of some generalized blockchain models, such as network effect scalability and future client-side use, are weighed in this article. | [80] |
| 25. | Crowdsensing systems | In this study, the researchers build on the original research effort by looking at a new design point for bridging public blockchain with crowdsensing systems and offer a paradigm for developing blockchain-enabled crowdsensing systems that are resilient, verifiable, and private. | [81] |
| 26. | Measuring instruments | In this paper, writers examine how blockchain might aid in the resolution of such issues and also compare to the traditional measuring instruments and distributed measuring models discussed and provide a conceptual model for implementing measuring instruments in a distributed blockchain-based architecture. | [82] |
| 27. | SWOT analysis | The study explains the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis in the construction supply chain by using blockchain technology. | [83] |
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