Microsegregation and Solidification Shrinkage of Copper-Lead Base Alloys

Table 5

Volume change and thermal expansion coefficient of the Cu-Pb alloys.

Alloy	Cooling & heating	𝛼𝑠 below monotectic	Volume change between monotectic		𝛼𝑙 above liquidus
	rate (Ks^−1)	temp. (K^−1) ×10^6	and liquidus temperature (%)		(K^−1) ×10^6
		Cooling	Melting	Solidifying	Heating	Cooling
Cu-5Pb	0.016	16.23 ± 0.60	3.89 ± 0.04	3.77 ± 0.11	23.05 ± 0.81	23.40 ± 0.94
	0.032	16.73 ± 0.92	3.71 ± 0.29	3.57 ± 0.32	22.70 ± 3.54	22.67 ± 3.34
	0.083	20.26 ± 1.70	3.39 ± 0.71	3.64 ± 1.08	22.95 ± 0.41	20.21 ± 0.024
	0.167	21.26 ± 0.35	3.27 ± 0.33	3.24 ± 0.06	21.46 ± 0.69	19.13 ± 1.05
Cu-15Pb	0.016	—	3.26 ± 0.01	3.00 ± 0.03	23.03 ± 0.57	19.11 ± 1.77