Effects of Solution-Based Fabrication Conditions on Morphology of Lead Halide Perovskite Thin Film Solar Cells

Figure 8

(a) XRD of evaporated and spin-coated layers. SEM of (b) spin-coated and (c) vapor deposited perovskite crystals. The XRD and SEM data suggest nearly identical crystal growth from spin-coating and vapor deposition of the PbI₂ layer. Reproduced from [23] with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry.

(a)

(b)

(c)