Research Article

Experiments on Hybrid Precast Concrete Shear Walls Emulating Monolithic Construction with Different Amounts of Posttensioned Strands and Different Debond Lengths of Grouted Reinforcements

Figure 6

Finite element modeling.
(a) FEM
(b) Constitutive model for concrete
(c) Constitutive model for mild steel
(d) Constitutive model for strand steel