Development of an Efficient Steel Beam Section for Modular Construction Based on Six-Sigma

Table 6

Correlation between the quality characteristics and key functions.

Quality characteristic	Key function
	Assembly of modules					⁢Ensuring structural performance				⁢Secondary function
	Welding end-plate	Connecting beam and column	Connecting beam and slab	Connecting beam and ceiling track	Connecting beam and wall track	Flexural strength of beam	Minimize deflection and vibration of beam	Earthquake and wind resistance	Fire resistance	Plumbing equipment penetration	Transportation of modules
Price of beam
Surface area per unit length									◎
Welding length per unit length						◎		○
Contribution to competitiveness of module
Span length							◎
Thickness of webs			◎	◎
Diameter of web opening						○				◎
Number of webs	○	◎	○	○
Thickness of flanges					◎
Number of openings						○				◎
Height of ceiling and floor beams							◎				◎
Weight of floor beams per unit area of plan
Structural performance of beam
Moment of inertia per sectional area of beam							◎
Section modulus per sectional area of beams						◎		◎
Lever arm of bolts at the end plate	◎	◎						◎
Quality of manufacturing
Number of axes of symmetry			◎	○
Radius of curved section				○	◎
Priority ratio	6.5%	9.5%	8.6%	6.7%	4.7%	16.7%	19.7%	11.9%	0.6%	10.1%	4.8%
Rating	8	5	6	7	10	2	1	3	11	4	9