Effect of RE³⁺ on Structural Evolution of Rare-Earth Carbonates Synthesized by Facile Hydrothermal Treatment

Figure 2

Diffraction patterns of hydrothermally treated cerium-based samples: C1 (a); C2 (b); C4 (c); C8 (d); C16 (e); C48 (f); C168 (g). The main XRD peaks are labelled with O for orthorhombic CeCO₃OH, H for hexagonal CeCO₃OH, and F for fluorite-type structure CeO₂.