Review Article

Influence of Ground Temperature on Shotcrete-to-Rock Adhesion in Tunnels

Table 7

Material parameters [78].

MaterialDensity (kg/m3)Thermal conductivity (W/(m·K))

Surrounding rock (granite)28003.49
Lining (concrete)23001.51
Styrene250.0356
Polyurethane320.0222
Air1.2930.03