Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixture using 100% RAP with Emulsified Asphalt-Recycling Agent as a New Pavement Base Course

Table 1

Mechanical properties of cold recycled asphalt mixtures with emulsified asphalt-recycling agent.

Authors	Indirect tensile strength (ITS)^(1)	Resilient modulus^(1)	Curing period	Storage period	Compaction	Portland cement?	Observations
David [8]	—	3,000 MPa to 3,500 MPa	24 h at 60°C	Not specified	Marshall	Yes	Resilient modulus at ITS configuration
Silva [9]	0.35 MPa	1,000 MPa to 1,200 MPa	7 and 28 days	Not specified	Modified Proctor	Yes	Resilient modulus at triaxial configuration, almost not influenced by confining stress
Andrade [10]	-	1,000 MPa to 1,200 MPa	28 days at 60°C +	Not specified	Modified Proctor	Yes	Resilient modulus at triaxial configuration, almost not influenced by confining stress
Mollenhauer et al. [11]	0.4 MPa (7 days); 0.6 MPa (14 days)	—	7 and 14 days	Not specified	Marshall and gyratory compactor	Yes	Resilient modulus at ITS configuration
Ma et al. [12]	0.1 MPa (2 days)	—	2, 3, 4, and 7 days at room temperature and 48 h at 60°C	Not specified	Marshall	Yes	Average ITS from 3 different recycling agents
	0.2 MPa (3 days)
	0.3 MPa (4 days)
	0.4 MPa (7 days)
Meocci et al. [2]	0.4 MPa (3 days)	4,000 MPa	72 h at 40°C and additional 10 days at 20°C, resp.	Immediately	Gyratory compactor	Yes	Use of cement increased the values of ITS and RM
	0.7 MPa (13 days)	5,000 MPa
Raschia et al. [13]	0.4 MPa (28 days)^(2)	3,000 MPa^(3)	14 days at room temperature and 14 days at 40°C	Not specified	Gyratory compactor	No	Values from samples mixed and compacted at 25°C ^(2)soft asphalt
	0.6 MPa (28 days)^(3)						^(3)Hard asphalt
Raschia et al. [13]	0.4 to 0.5 MPa (28 days)^(3)	2,000 MPa^(3)	14 days at room temperature and 14 days at 40°C	Not specified	Gyratory compactor	No	Values from samples mixed and compacted at 5°C ^(3)hard asphalt

⁽¹⁾Resilient modulus and indirect tensile strength were measured after the curing time. ⁽²⁾soft asphalt. ⁽³⁾hard asphalt.