Modeling of Surface Drainage during the Service Life of Asphalt Pavements Showing Long-Term Rutting: A Modular Hydromechanical Approach

Figure 11

Example 4: effects of increasing rutting on the drainage of a pavement surface. (a) t = 1 year. (b) t = 5 years. (c) t = 10 years. (d) t = 15 years. (e) t = 20 years. (f) t = 30 years.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)