Research Article
The Relationship between Primary School Teacher and Student Attitudes towards Science and Technology
Table 3
Multilevel regression models for the prediction of end of school year students’ enjoyment of science and technology.
| | Model 0 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE |
| Fixed Part | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Intercept girls | 3.043*** | 0.022 | 3.043*** | 0.022 | 2.954*** | 0.118 | 3.055*** | 0.063 | 3.071*** | 0.053 | 3.068*** | 0.055 | 3.102*** | 0.064 | Intercept boys | 3.237*** | 0.021 | 3.237*** | 0.021 | 3.136*** | 0.117 | 3.135*** | 0.061 | 3.146*** | 0.051 | 3.142*** | 0.053 | 3.175*** | 0.063 | Student enjoyment pretest | | | | | | | 0.523*** | 0.022 | 0.525*** | 0.027 | 0.526*** | 0.027 | 0.526*** | 0.027 | Teacher enjoyment | | | | | | | | | | | 0.059** | 0.025 | 0.041 | 0.026 | Teacher gender | | | | | | | | | | | | | −0.068* | 0.030 |
| Random Part | | | | | | | | | | | Level: school year | | | | | | | | | | | School year | | | | | 0.052 | 0.038 | 0.013 | 0.010 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.009 | 0.007 | 0.013 | 0.010 | Level: teacher | | | | | | | | | | | Intercept variance girls | | | 0.067*** | 0.016 | 0.027** | 0.010 | 0.022*** | 0.007 | 0.021** | 0.007 | 0.021** | 0.007 | 0.018** | 0.007 | Intercept variance boys | 0.017* | 0.008 | 0.009 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Intercept-slope covgGirls pretest | | | | | | | | | −0.013 | 0.006 | −0.014 | 0.006 | −0.015 | 0.006 | Intercept-slopevCov boys pretest | | | | | | | | | −0.004 | 0.005 | −0.004 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Slope variance pretest | | | | | | | | | 0.018* | 0.009 | 0.019* | 0.009 | 0.019* | 0.009 | Level: student | | | | | | | | | | | Intercept variance girls | 0.432*** | 0.020 | 0.362*** | 0.018 | 0.362*** | 0.018 | 0.269*** | 0.013 | 0.265*** | 0.013 | 0.265*** | 0.013 | 0.265*** | 0.013 | Intercept variance boys | 0.378*** | 0.018 | 0.361*** | 0.018 | 0.361*** | 0.018 | 0.290*** | 0.014 | 0.282*** | 0.014 | 0.281*** | 0.014 | 0.282*** | 0.014 |
| Deviance | 3520.748 | | 3425.493*** | | 3400.837*** | | 2914.978*** | | 2901.112** | | 2895.568* | | 2891.321* | | Deviance difference | | | 95.255 | | 24.656 | | 485.859 | | 13.866 | | 5.544 | | 4.247 | | Degrees of freedom | | | df = 2 | | df = 1 | | df = 1 | | df = 3 | | df = 1 | | df = 1 | |
| ICC girls | | | | 0.156 | | 0.075 | | 0.076 | | 0.073 | | 0.073 | | 0.063 | ICC boys | | | | 0.045 | | 0.024 | | 0.003 | | 0.007 | | 0.004 | | 0.000 | Proportional reduction student variance girls | | | | 0.162 | | 0.000 | | 0.257 | | 0.015 | | 0.000 | | 0.000 | Proportional reduction student variance boys | | | | 0.045 | | 0.000 | | 0.197 | | 0.028 | | 0.004 | | −0.004 | Proportional reduction teacher variance girls | | | | | | 0.597 | | 0.185 | | 0.045 | | 0.000 | | 0.143 | Proportional reduction teacher variance boys | | | | | | 0.471 | | 0.889 | | −1.000 | | 0.500 | | 1.000 |
| Chi2 posttest boys-girls best fit model | 42.129*** | | 32.691*** | | 27.055 | | 6.924*** | | 6.162* | | 6.167* | | 6.306* | |
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