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EFA & CFA factor constructs | Student questionnaire number | PIRLS context questionnaire scales | Student questionnaire number |
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Factor 1: students motivated to read | R9A–F | Student Motivated to Read Scale | R9A–F |
Factor 2: out-of-school reading behaviour | R2A–C, R3A | Not a scale but grouped as a contextual factor | R1, R2A–C, R3A–F, R4 |
Factor 3: students engaged in reading lessons | R5B, C, E, F, G | Students Engaged in Reading Lessons Scale | R5A–G |
Factor 4: students bullied at school | G9A–F | Students Bullied at School Scale | G9A–F |
Factor 5: perceived reading difficulties | R8C, E, G | Students Confident in Reading Scale | R8A–G |
Factor 6: parents’ support for students’ studies | G7A–D | Not a scale but grouped as a contextual factor | G7A–D |
Factor 7: school climate for learning | G8A–C | School climate for learning scale | G8A–C |
Factor 8: reading self-efficacy | R8A-B | Students Confident in Reading Scale | R8A–G |
Factor 9: reading enjoyment | R7D–F | Students Liked Reading Scale | R7A–F |
Factor 10: independent reading behaviour at school | R6A-B | Not a scale but grouped as a contextual factor | R6A-B |
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