Relationship between Learning Approaches and Academic Performance of Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kermanshah, Iran

Table 4

The mean scores of learning approaches in strong and weak students in terms of demographic variables (n = 128).

Academic performance		Learning approach, mean (SD^θ)
		Strong students			Weak students
		Deep	Strategic	Superficial	Deep	Strategic	Superficial
Sex	Male	13.6 (2.1)	14.7 (1.9)	14.1 (2.1)	13.5 (1.7)	13.7 (1.6)	14.3 (1.8)
	Female	13.6 (1.7)	14.7 (2.1)	14.4 (2.1)	14.3 (2.1)	13.0 (3.2)	15.6 (0.7)
value^‡		0.893	0.966	0.408	0.418	0.528	0.133
Age	<22	13.7 (1.8)	14.9 (1.7)	14.3 (2.3)	13.9 (1.8)	13.4 (2.5)	14.6 (1.8)
	≥22	13.6 (1.8)	14.6 (2.0)	14.4 (1.9)	13.6 (1.9)	13.6 (2.1)	14.6 (1.6)
value^‡		0.792	0.517	0.830	0.707	0.281	0.919
Marital status	Single	13.5 (2.1)	14.6 (2.0)	14.3 (2.1)	13.5 (2.1)	13.6 (2.2)	14.6 (1.7)
	Married	14.0 (1.5)	15.3 (1.2)	14.4 (2.1)	15.1 (1)	13.5 (1.3)	14.5 (1.2)
value^‡		0.314	0.072	0.839	0.337	0.981	0.892
Residence	Dormitory	14.1 (1.9)	14.6 (2.1)	14.6 (1.9)	14.0 (2.7)	14.5 (1.8)	14.2 (2.1)
	With family	14.1 (1.8)	14.9 (2.1)	14.2 (2.1)	14.1 (1.4)	13.5 (2.3)	14.6 (1.1)
value^‡		0.980	0.501	0.409	0.957	0.281	0.745

^θStandard deviation. ^‡Based on the independent t-test. ^†Based on analysis of variance.