Healthy Foods as Proxy for Functional Foods: Consumers’ Awareness, Perception, and Demand for Natural Functional Foods in Pakistan

Table 8

Consumers perception regarding impact of functional food on human health (PSM estimates).

Outcome	Caliper	ATT	t-values	Critical Level of	Numbers	Numbers
				Hidden Bias	of Treated	of Control
Matching Algorithm: Radius Matching (RM)
Health	0.03	+++	3.14	1.45-1.50	235	117
Matching Algorithm: Splene Matching (SM)
Health	0.06	+++	2.87	1.35-1.40	249	83

Note: ATT stands for the average treatment effect for the treated. RM stands for the radius matching while SM stands for the Splene matching. The results are significant at 1 percent levels, respectively.