Bioactive compound Mango Sweet orange Papaya Snake fruit Durian Jackfruit Rambutan Avocado Efficacy and health benefit Ref. Phenolic compounds Polyphenols (mg GAE/100 g dry seeds) nd 305.0 Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antithrombogenic, and anticarcinogenic actions [78 –81 , 86 ] Flavonoids (mg CE/100 g dry seeds) 870-950 8000 nd nd 1330 Boost immunity, antiallergy, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antitumor, antivirus, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, diuretic, and vasoprotection [79 –81 , 86 –89 ] Tannins (mg/100 g seed) 210-360 0 nd nd nd 0.06-0.229 0.15 nd Accelerate the healing of wounds and anti-inflammation (swollen boils, hemorrhoids, frostbite, and burns) [86 , 87 , 89 , 90 ] Phenolic acids Quercetin (mg/100 g seed) nd nd 0.13 nd nd nd nd Hypoglycemic activity by increasing insulin production in pancreatic β cells [91 , 92 ] Caffeic acid (mg/100 g seed) 89.43-326.9 nd nd UDL nd Antioxidant and antibacterial activity in vitro and prevention of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases [91 , 93 –95 ] Coumaric acid (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd Antioxidant, cardioprotective, antimelanogenic, antimutagenic, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities [83 , 91 , 94 ] Ferulic acid (mg/100 g seed) 168.63-407.02 nd nd 0.216 nd Hypoglycemic activity by increasing insulin production in pancreatic β cells [91 , 93 –96 ] Gallic acid (mg/100 g seed) nd nd UDL nd Antioxidant; anti-cardiovascular, anticancer, anti-neurodegenerative; and anti-aging [81 , 84 , 90 , 96 ] Kaempferol (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd nd Anticancer, anticardiovascular, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective [81 , 91 ] Catechin (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd nd Antioxidant [81 , 97 , 98 ] Chlorogenic acid (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd nd Antidiabetic similar to metformin [81 , 83 , 99 ] Cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd nd nd Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities of C3G on osteoclast and osteoblast and anticancer [81 , 100 ] Homogentisic acid (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd nd Inhibit cell growth in vitro/cytotoxic activity against alkaptonuria [81 , 83 , 101 ] Tangeretin (mg/100 g seed) nd nd nd nd nd nd nd Enhances radiosensitivity of GC cells as demonstrated by MTT and colony formation assays [83 , 102 ] Carotenoids Total carotenoids (μ g/100 g seed) 370-790 1164-2669 nd nd nd 1000-3200 nd Antioxidant activity by inhibiting fat peroxide [86 , 90 , 93 , 103 , 104 ] Ascorbic acid (mg/100 g seed) 61.22-74.48 nd nd nd nd nd Stopping free radical activity and inhibiting fat peroxide [86 , 104 –106 ] Antiproliferative capacities on cancer cell lines (×100%) Lung nd nd nd Inhibit the growth of human lung (A549) cancer cell lines [83 ] Breast nd nd 0.9117 Inhibit the growth of human breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines [83 , 85 ] Liver nd nd 0.50 Inhibit the growth of human liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines [83 , 85 ] Colon nd nd nd Inhibit the growth of human colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines [83 ]
