Naturally occurring polymers are readily available, inexpensive, non-hazardous, and eco-friendly. Nanocomposites based on natural polymers are widely employed in a wide range of medicinal fields. Indeed, biopolymers are advantageous due to their similarities with extracellular matrices and good biological performance. Accordingly, scaffolds, hydrogels, and fiber nanocomposites based on biopolymers have drawn attention for various applications in biomedical engineering.

Biopolymer nanocomposites containing different types of nanostructures (e.g., metal/metal oxides, carbon-based families, ceramic nanomaterials, etc.) bring new features to the neat biopolymer or improve the existing properties of them. For instance, for chemo-photothermal therapy, X-ray, and ultrasound bio-imaging applications, biopolymers (in the form of nanoparticles, capsule, etc.) have been modified or embedded into some nanosized materials such as Au nanoparticles as photo-thermal agents for cancer therapy.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collate original research and review articles with a focus on the preparation and characterization of natural-based nanocomposites and their biomedical applications.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Synthesis and characterization of natural polymer-based nanocomposites
• Different structures and platforms of natural-based nanocomposites such as films, hydrogels, biomedical devices, and scaffolds
• Biomedical applications of natural polymers and nanocomposites in:
• biosensors
• drug delivery
• nerve regeneration
• bone regeneration
• wound healing
• photothermal therapy
• dental materials
• gene transfection
• bioseparation
• biodiagnostics
• biocatalysts