Effects of Different Drying Conditions on Key Quality Parameters of Pink Peppercorns (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi)
Table 4
Chemical composition (GC-MS data) and the yield of essential oil from S. terebinthifolius fruits (fresh and dried under the operating conditions of Table 1).
Compound
Relative area (%)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Fresh fruits
α-Pinene
932
933
3.65
3.52
5.12
2.84
4.87
1.49
5.15
3.61
3.72
5.06
2.86
5.36
Sabinene
969
973
2.24
2.14
1.89
1.78
2.20
1.28
2.32
2.03
1.52
2.12
1.50
2.45
β-Myrcene
988
991
12.14
10.90
11.61
11.03
12.16
8.12
11.03
11.73
11.21
11.66
10.91
12.75
α-Phellandrene
1002
1006
18.48
17.84
16.35
16.59
19.64
14.26
19.31
18.69
17.34
17.61
17.16
20.46
δ-3-Carene
1008
1012
18.41
16.81
18.37
16.08
18.60
13.67
17.54
17.00
17.43
17.82
17.04
19.14
n.i.
—
1017
—
—
—
—
0.38
—
—
—
—
—
0.39
—
p-Cymene
1020
1025
1.36
0.68
2.04
1.21
0.90
0.69
0.66
0.83
1.26
1.09
1.09
0.73
Limonene
1024
1029
17.77
16.30
17.42
16.49
17.91
15.19
16.75
17.43
17.12
15.90
17.37
18.28
n.i.
—
1058
—
—
—
—
0.46
—
—
—
0.53
—
0.54
—
Terpinolene
1086
1089
1.38
1.26
1.19
1.29
1.33
1.35
1.24
1.33
1.32
1.20
1.44
1.31
n.i.
—
1178
0.68
—
0.74
0.61
0.74
0.58
0.52
0.62
1.00
0.64
1.04
0.68
n.i.
—
1337
—
—
—
—
—
0.61
—
—
—
—
—
—
Caryophyllene
1417
1418
4.50
4.72
4.27
5.20
3.99
5.83
4.08
4.71
4.66
4.52
5.42
3.73
Germacrene D
1484
1480
8.04
8.91
7.13
9.19
6.83
10.90
7.32
8.34
6.47
7.91
8.17
6.25
n.i.
—
1495
—
—
—
—
—
0.71
—
—
—
—
—
—
δ-Cadinene
1522
1523
0.93
1.05
1.10
1.33
1.01
1.45
1.03
1.19
1.65
1.34
1.78
0.94
Elemol
1548
1550
1.38
1.83
1.02
1.82
1.05
6.52
3.50
1.58
1.37
1.55
2.67
0.90
Germacrene B
1559
1555
0.64
0.75
—
0.79
0.57
0.99
0.66
0.72
—
0.67
0.76
—
γ-Eudesmol
1630
1631
4.01
5.70
5.83
5.97
3.39
6.07
3.48
4.94
5.77
4.90
4.27
3.29
β-Eudesmol
1650
1650
1.19
1.75
1.54
1.85
0.96
2.23
1.29
1.47
1.74
1.60
1.38
0.90
α-Eudesmol
1652
1653
2.42
3.16
3.28
3.80
2.03
3.15
2.47
2.67
3.62
3.19
2.38
1.96
n.i.
—
1654
—
—
—
—
—
1.27
—
—
—
—
—
—
n.i.
—
1667
—
0.79
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
n.i.
—
1676
0.81
1.24
1.09
1.40
0.98
2.81
1.64
1.12
1.59
1.21
1.83
0.86
n.i.
—
1776
—
0.65
—
0.73
—
0.85
—
—
0.68
—
—
—
Monoterpenes (%)
76.1
69.5
74.7
67.9
79.2
56.6
74.5
73.3
72.4
73.1
71.4
81.2
Yield (%)
5.24
4.87
5.48
4.38
5.38
4.66
5.52
5.64
4.67
5.33
4.90
5.56
Retention index [18]; calculated retention index (average value); not identified; relative percentage obtained from the peak area of the chromatograms; extraction yield according to (4).