Glucosinolates, Carotenoids, and Vitamins E and K Variation from Selected Kale and Collard Cultivars
Table 1
Carotenoid composition of freeze-dried kale and collard leaves.
Cultivar/accession
Neoxanthin
Lutein
β-Carotene
Total
μg/g DW
Kale
Beira
41.9 ± 1.2b (22.3)
78.7 ± 3.6b (41.7)
68.2 ± 5.5b (36.0)
188.8 ± 10.1b
Dwarf Siberian
47.3 ± 1.6b (18.8)
110.8 ± 10.4b (43.8)
94.2 ± 4.7b (37.4)
252.3 ± 10.0b
Olympic Red
51.6 ± 15.1b (20.3)
45.9 ± 29.3b (17.8)
159.5 ± 24.0b (61.9)
256.9 ± 24.9b
Premier
32.5 ± 9.6b (18.9)
43.8 ± 26.3b (21.9)
105.0 ± 10.1b (59.2)
181.3 ± 18.0b
Red Russian
65.6 ± 21.5b (19.5)
18.4 ± 0.4b (5.7)
240.5 ± 4.0b (74.8)
324.6 ± 20.8b
Scarlet
52.4 ± 15.3b (18.7)
18.2 ± 0.5b (6.5)
211.3 ± 19.7b (74.9)
281.8 ± 11.9b
Starbor
67.7 ± 1.7b (23.6)
19.7 ± 0.7b (6.9)
199.2 ± 8.2b (69.5)
286.6 ± 9.7b
Toscano
177.4 ± 23.7a (9.7)
712.7 ± 132.9a (38.2)
958.9 ± 138.0a (52.1)
1849.1 ± 289.9a
Collard
Champion
46.3 ± 3.8a (18.3)
105.7 ± 4.6b (42.0)
100.8 ± 7.6b (39.8)
252.8 ± 9.7bc
Flash
47.2 ± 22.5a (9.2)
115.3 ± 51.9ab (18.0)
418.4 ± 112.9a (72.8)
580.9 ± 142.9ab
Green Glaze
(10.8)
255.6 ± 24.2a (32.6)
445.2 ± 41.4a (56.7)
787.1 ± 83.5a
PI261597
28.4 ± 7.6a (15.1)
73.0 ± 29.7b (37.3)
89.7 ± 16.6b (47.5)
191.0 ± 6.1c
Top Bunch
40.5 ± 15.0a (13.6)
43.0 ± 26.1b (11.8)
246.5 ± 34.2ab (74.6)
329.9 ± 37.8bc
Different letters indicate significant difference within a crop by Tukey’s HSD at p ≤ 0.05. Numbers in the bracket indicate the percentage (%) of each carotenoid to the total carotenoid content.
