Effect of Differing Ingredients and Packaging Technologies on the Color of High-Pressure Processed Ground Beef

Table 1

Least square means (±SE) for main effect of high-pressure processing on color (L, a, b) and change in color () during storage of ground beef patties.

Color traits	HPP (MPa/min)	Color values^1
		Day 3	Day 7	Day 12	Day 14	Day 19	Day 21
L	0/0	40.78 ± 0.48^b	42.20 ± 0.34^c	43.13 ± 0.30^c	43.73 ± 0.38^c	42.06 ± 0.43^b	43.31 ± .034^c
	450/3	53.58 ± 0.50^a	54.49 ± 0.36^b	54.87 ± 0.31^b	55.09 ± 0.39^b	55.30 ± 0.45^a	55.26 ± 0.36^b
	600/3	54.53 ± 0.48^a	55.62 ± 0.34^a	56.66 ± 0.30^a	56.2 ± 0.38^a	56.45 ± 0.43^a	55.61 ± 0.34^ab
	600/6	53.47 ± 0.48^a	55.84 ± 0.34^a	55.98 ± 0.30^a	56.20 ± 0.38^a	56.36 ± 0.43^a	56.29 ± 0.34^a
	value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
a	0/0	22.50 ± 0.55^a	21.98 ± 0.56^a	19.46 ± 0.46^a	19.33 ± 0.44^†	21.04 ± 0.50^†	19.39 ± 0.62^a
	450/3	21.33 ± 0.57^ab	18.18 ± 0.58^b	16.56 ± 0.48^b	14.91 ± 0.46^†	16.02 ± 0.52^†	16.38 ± 0.64^b
	600/3	18.17 ± 0.55^b	16.35 ± 0.56^c	14.31 ± 0.46^c	14.67 ± 0.44^†	14.62 ± 0.50^†	14.68 ± 0.62^bc
	600/6	20.43 ± 0.55^c	15.81 ± 0.56^c	14.46 ± 0.46^c	14.76 ± 0.44^†	13.77 ± 0.50^†	13.21 ± 0.62^c
	value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
b	0/0	8.95 ± 0.17^d	9.50 ± 0.18^c	8.70 ± 0.14^c	8.34 ± 0.16^c	9.20 ± 0.20^b	8.90 ± 0.17^†
	450/3	11.14 ± 0.18^c	10.67 ± 0.19^b	10.67 ± 0.15^b	10.44 ± 0.16^b	11.39 ± 0.20^a	11.00 ± 0.18^†
	600/3	11.67 ± 0.17^b	11.32 ± 0.18^a	11.27 ± 0.14^a	11.39 ± 0.16^a	11.95 ± 0.20^a	11.55 ± 0.17^†
	600/6	12.34 ± 0.17^a	11.12 ± 0.18^ab	11.44 ± 0.14^a	11.49 ± 0.16^a	11.72 ± 0.20^a	11.65 ± 0.17^†
	value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	450/3	13.14 ± 0.89	13.29 ± 0.54	12.84 ± 0.62	12.95 ± 0.52	15.07 ± 0.73	13.17 ± 0.62
	600/3	15.00 ± 0.85	14.90 ± 0.52	14.92 ± 0.59	14.01 ± 0.50	16.54 ± 0.71	13.98 ± 0.60
	600/6	13.90 ± 0.85	15.32 ± 0.52	14.34 ± 0.59	14.14 ± 0.50	16.57 ± 0.71	14.94 ± 0.60
	value	0.322	0.026	0.056	0.209	0.259	0.134

^a–cLS means in a column and within a color trait with a common superscript are similar (). ^†A significant myoglobin state by HPP treatment interaction () for the color trait within the day. ¹Each experiment was carried out in triplicate.