In Vitro Analysis of Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Bioactive Components of Apocynum venetum Tea Extracts

Figure 8

Effects of AVTE on the apoptotic gene expression of caspase-3 (a) and -9 (b) in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Fold ratio of caspase-3 (a) and -9 (b) mRNA expression over the normal. The calculation formula is as follows: gene expression/GAPDH × normal numerical value (normal fold ratio: 1). ^A–D Mean values with different letters in the same bar graph are significantly different () according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

(a)

(b)