Microbiological Quality, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Capacity of Honey Samples Commercialized in the Moroccan Errachidia Region

Table 3

Physicochemical parameters and mineral content for 14 Moroccan honeys.

Honey

Pfund scale (mm)

Honey colour

Melanoidin

pH

Moisture (%)

Electrical conductivity (mS/cm)

Ash content (%)

Ca (mg/kg)

Fe (mg/kg)

K (mg/kg)

Mg (mg/kg)

Na (mg/kg)

Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na (mg/kg)

H1

62.74 ± 0.45^e

Light amber

0.36 ± 0.002^c

3.46 ± 0.81^abc

17.2 ± 0.14^ab

87.4 ± 0.42^n

0.07 ± 0.006^a

55.05 ± 0.53^g

8.63 ± 0.37^a

87.4 ± 0.42^h

12.98 ± 0.01^a

25.98 ± 1.42^a

190.04

H2

103.4 ± 0.07^h

Amber

1.49 ± 0.0003^i

3.53 ± 0.02^abd

16.2 ± 0.07^cd

855.44 ± 3.84^c

0.1 ± 0.01^bc

96.75 ± 1.66^d

11.49 ± 0.36^bc

855.44 ± 3.84^b

33.01 ± 0.7^ab

99.1 ± 0.63^bc

1095.79

H3

75.44 ± 1.88^f

Light amber

0.68 ± 0.001^e

3.88 ± 0.17^e

19.20 ± 0.14^e

1044.35 ± 3.07^b

0.13 ± 0.007^bd

232.6 ± 0.28^a

10 ± 0.6^cd

1044.35 ± 3.07^a

53.08 ± 1.4^f

130.2 ± 2.68^d

1470.23

H4

32.04 ± 0.32^c

White

0.73 ± 0.0002^f

3.34 ± 0.02^fg

17.6 ± 0.15^af

200.16 ± 0.82^m

0.09 ± 0.005^ac

132.78 ± 0.48^bc

10.09 ± 0.64^cd

200.16 ± 0.82^fg

28.14 ± 0.6^ad

30.18 ± 2.7^a

401.35

H5

22.54 ± 0.17^b

White

0.69 ± 0.001^e

3.63 ± 0.04^d

15.6 ± 0.28^cd

480.79 ± 0.85^h

0.11 ± 0.002^b

67.84 ± 1.30^def

8.85 ± 0.59^a

480.79 ± 0.85^bcd

20.05 ± 2.79^c

93.25 ± 2.29^ce

670.78

H6

35.54 ± 0.31^c

Light extra amber

0.5 ± 0.0002

3.83 ± 0.04^e

17.2 ± 0.14^ab

808.65 ± 1.87^e

0.15 ± 0.001^de

56.78 ± 0.48^g

8.69 ± 0.2^a

808.65 ± 1.87^b

18.58 ± 0.29^c

89 ± 2.12^ce

981.7

H7

32.14 ± 0.40^c

White

0.27 ± 0.0003^b

4.31 ± 0.07^h

16.8 ± 0.14^bc

830.83 ± 0.82^d

0.16 ± 0.008^efg

80.04 ± 1.38^de

8.93 ± 0.3^ae

830.83 ± 0.82^b

27.99 ± 0.71^d

164.01 ± 2.83^g

1111.8

H8

95.94 ± 0.22^g

Amber

0.68 ± 0.003^e

4.37 ± 0.12^h

18.4 ± 0.49^f

793.29 ± 2.32^f

0.19 ± 0.001^hf

60.93 ± 2.17^def

9.71 ± 0.28^ad

793.29 ± 2.32^bc

21.31 ± 0.92^c

53.68 ± 0.93^f

938.92

H9

75.94 ± 0.24^f

Light amber

1.19 ± 0.002^h

3.32 ± 0.05^g

15.6 ± 0.07^cd

1148.06 ± 2.16^a

0.23 ± 0.001^i

192.66 ± 3.77^a

12.29 ± 0.28^b

1148.06 ± 2.16^a

45.74 ± 1.23^e

125.28 ± 1.92^d

1524.03

H10

41.64 ± 0.19^d

Light extra amber

0.46 ± 0.002^cd

3.46 ± 0.08^acf

16 ± 0.21^cd

607.1 ± 2.89^g

0.08 ± 0.002^a

125.49 ± 0.64^bc

10.98 ± 0.68^cd

607.1 ± 2.89^bc

58.8 ± 1.97^f

106.56 ± 4.6^b

908.93

H11

20.13 ± 0.14^b

White

0.13 ± 0.0001^a

3.57 ± 0.02^bd

18 ± 0.14^f

261.38 ± 1.85^l

0.02 ± 0.01^a

146.84 ± 3.42^b

8.76 ± 0.53^a

261.38 ± 1.85^f

36.05 ± 1.44^b

53.13 ± 2.73^f

506.16

H12

75.04 ± 0.22^a

Light amber

0.76 ± 0.003^e

3.98 ± 0.01

16.2 ± 0.49^cd

469.65 ± 1.87^h

0.14 ± 0.005^dg

152.38 ± 1.14^b

10.62 ± 0.19^cd

469.65 ± 1.87^bcd

29.99 ± 0.007^ad

82.4 ± 1.83^e

745.04

H13

36.54 ± 0.23^c

Light extra amber

1.02 ± 0.0008^h

3.80 ± 0.03^e

15.4 ± 0.14^d

323.18 ± 2.7^j

0.21 ± 0.009^i

147.79 ± 0.14^b

10.61 ± 0.21^cd

323.18 ± 2.7^bcde

42.49 ± 1.05^e

90.74 ± 2.3^ce

614.81

H14

108.4 ± 0.39^h

Amber

0.82 ± 0.0006^g

3.38 ± 0.02^cfg

19.6 ± 0.07^e

298.75 ± 0.17^k

0.21 ± 0.002^hi

136.08 ± 2.17^bc

10.29 ± 0.07^cde

298.75 ± 0.17^f

80.95 ± 0.74^fg

89.13 ± 1.5^e

615.2

Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different by Tukey’s multiple range test.