Physicochemical Properties, Mineral Content, Antioxidant Activities, and Microbiological Quality of Bupleurum spinosum Gouan Honey from the Middle Atlas in Morocco

Table 4

Concentrations of major and minor metals in Bupleurum spinosum honeys from Morocco.

Sample	Locality name	Major metals					Minor metals
		Na	K	Ca	Mg	Fe	Cu	Zn	Ni	Cd	Pb
H1	Bouyablane	612.87 ± 3.14^d	850.85 ± 5.19^e	442.51 ± 1.98^abc	92.81 ± 0.23 ^ab	0.92 ± 0.15^e	0.182 ± 0.02^g	3.05 ± 0.13^b	0.10 ± 0.04^a	ND	ND
H2	El-Mers	532.02 ± 4.37^f	721.73 ± 8.14^g	312.54 ± 4.56^d	28.88 ± 2.17^d	0.75 ± 0.08^e	0.14 ± 0.04^g	1.12 ± 0.05^e	0.03 ± 0.01^ab	ND	ND
H3	Boulemane	617.81 ± 5.23^d	985.14 ± 7.67^d	309.84 ± 4.12^d	35.86 ± 1.94^d	0.98 ± 0.19^e	1.02 ± 0.02^d	1.09 ± 0.07^e	0.13 ± 0.09^a	ND	ND
H4	Ribat El-Kheire	547.94 ± 4.92^e	809.59 ± 8.11^f	564.37 ± 6.74^ab	78.24 ± 2.98^c	1.83 ± 0.13^d	1.24 ± 0.05^c	2.78 ± 0.09^c	0.07 ± 0.02^a	0.02 ± 0.0	ND
H5	Tafajight	768.14 ± 6.71^b	1530.91 ± 9.56^b	688.46 ± 5.38^a	82.08 ± 0.98^c	2.54 ± 0.20^b	1.35 ± 0.02^b	1.41 ± 0.02^d	0.05 ± 0.01^a	ND	ND
H6	Ait-Bazza	685.14 ± 4.58^c	987.68 ± 4.37^d	463.08 ± 5.61^ab	94.03 ± 1.09^ab	3.07 ± 0.27^a	1.53 ± 0.04^a	2.14 ± 0.06^d	0.11 ± 0.07^a	ND	ND
H7	Timahdite	497.86 ± 7.64^g	1186.17 ± 4.32^c	509.53 ± 4.33^ab	102.71 ± 2.13^a	2.11 ± 0.17^c	0.45 ± 0.03^f	1.11 ± 0.02^e	0.09 ± 0.02^a	ND	ND
H8	Enjil	841.39 ± 5.74^a	1894.56 ± 7.91^a	594.82 ± 7.63^a	98.58 ± 1.89^a	2.57 ± 0.28^b	0.89 ± 0.04^e	4.02 ± 0.19^a	0.05 ± 0.01^a	ND	ND

All values are expressed in mg/kg as means of triplicate determinations ± standard deviation. ND: not determined. Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different by Tukey’s multiple range test ().