Variability in Phytochemical Contents and Biological Potential of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peel Extracts: Toward a New Opportunity for Minced Beef Meat Preservation

Table 2

Average diameter of the inhibition zone (mm) of three extractives from Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel against food spoilage pathogens and determination of regression equations.

	Punica granatum extract concentrations (mg/mL)								Regression equations	R^2
	0.6	1.25	2.5	5	10	20	30	40
L. monocytogenes
IZEA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	10.75 ± 0.50^bB	14.75 ± 0.50^bC	17.50 ± 0.50^bD	19.75 ± 0.50^bE	23.25 ± 0.50^bF	24.00 ± 0.50^bF	12.816ln (x) − 6.008		0.848
IZA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	9.00 ± 0.75^aB	12.50 ± 0.75^aC	14.00 ± 0.50^aC	16.25 ± 1.25^aD	19.50 ± 0.25^aD	9.5232ln (x) − 5.6294		0.731
IZW	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	9.00 ± 0.25^aB	13.50 ± 0.50^aC	14.25 ± 1.75^aC	16.75 ± 0.50^aD	20.25 ± 1.25^aD	9.7746ln (x) − 5.8203		0.728
S. aureus
IZEA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	9.75 ± 0.75^bB	14.75 ± 0.75^cC	17.50 ± 0.50^cD	21.75 ± 0.75^cE	23.25 ± 0.25^cF	24.75 ± 0.25^cG	25.50 ± 1.00^cG	13.484ln (x) − 3.9296	0.937
IZA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	8.25 ± 1.25^aB	10.50 ± 0.25^aC	14.25 ± 0.50^aD	17.00 ± 1.50^aE	19.00 ± 1.75^aF	20.25 ± 0.75^aG	10.632ln (x) − 5.2059		0.840
IZW	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	10.75 ± 0.25^bB	13.75 ± 0.50^bC	18.75 ± 0.50^bD	20.75 ± 1.00^bE	22.75 ± 0.75^bF	23.25 ± 0.75^bF	12.789ln (x) − 5.9698		0.845
S. enterica
IZEA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	13.50 ± 1.00^bB	16.50 ± 0.75^bC	18.75 ± 1.75^bD	20.25 ± 1.50^aD	10.059ln (x) − 6.6419		0.709
IZA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	11.25 ± 1.25^aB	12.75 ± 1.75^aB	16.75 ± 0.25^aC	18.75 ± 0.75^aC	8.9262ln (x) − 6.0025		0.703
IZW	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	11.75 ± 0.25^bB	15.75 ± 1.50^cC	18.50 ± 0.50^cD	21.25 ± 0.75^cE	22.75 ± 125^bE	11.909ln (x) − 6.9394		0.736
P. aeruginosa
IZEA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	9.25 ± 0.25^bB	12.00 ± 1.00^bC	14.25 ± 1.75^bD	17.50 ± 1.00^bE	19.75 ± 0.25^bE	9.7667ln (x) − 5.8091		0.729
IZA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	9.50 ± 0.25^aB	11.50 ± 0.50^aC	14.75 ± 1.75^aD	17.00 ± 1.25^aE	7.8264ln (x) − 5.2714		0.719
IZW	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	10.75 ± 0.50^bB	14.50 ± 1.25^cC	17.50 ± 1.75^cD	19.75 ± 1.75^cE	21.75 ± 0.75^cF	11.2ln (x) − 6.5705		0.739
E. coli
IZEA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	10.00 ± 1.00^bB	14.25 ± 0.75^bC	16.25 ± 0.50^bD	19.00 ± 0.75^bE	21.00 ± 1.75^bF	10.727ln (x) − 6.3132		0.733
IZA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	8.00 ± 0.75^aB	12.25 ± 1.25^aC	14.75 ± 0.05^aD	16.75 ± 1.75^aE	18.75 ± 0.75^aF	9.4895ln (x) − 5.6648		0.728
IZW	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^aA	8.75 ± 0.50^bB	12.25 ± 1.50^cB	16.00 ± 1.75^cD	18.75 ± 1.50^cE	21.50 ± 1.25^cF	23.25 ± 1.25^cG	12.042ln (x) − 5.9626		0.839

IZ_EA, ethyl acetate extract inhibition zone; IZ_A, acetonitrile extract inhibition zone; IZ_W, aqueous extract inhibition zone. ±, standard deviation of three replicates; values with a different letter (A–G) within a row of the same storage day are significantly different (); values with a different letter (a–g) within a column of the same concentration are significantly different () (Tukey’s test).