Physicochemical and Thermal Characteristics of Onion Skin from Fifteen Indian Cultivars for Possible Food Applications

Table 1

Physicochemical composition of onion skin powder of fifteen cultivars.

Cultivar	Water activity (aw)	Moisture content (%)	Crude protein (%)	Total fat (%)	Crude fiber (%)	Ash content (%)	Carbohydrate (%)	Sulphur content (%)
Agrifound Dark Red	0.09 ± 0.00^a	8.77 ± 0.49^bc	5.73 ± 0.31^gh	0.35 ± 0.05^ab	6.53 ± 0.42^ef	9.53 ± 0.35^cd	69.08 ± 1.16^cd	4.50 ± 0.17^g
Agrifound Light Red	0.35 ± 0.01^g	11.24 ± 1.07^e	5.83 ± 0.15^gh	0.32 ± 0.02^ab	5.35 ± 0.13^bc	7.89 ± 0.51^b	69.37 ± 1.02^de	3.48 ± 0.24^d
Arka Kirthiman	0.09 ± 0.01^a	10.88 ± 0.35^de	5.27 ± 0.31^e	0.35 ± 0.03^ab	6.96 ± 0.62^f	9.11 ± 0.14^c	67.44 ± 0.81^b	4.09 ± 0.03^f
Bhima Kiran	0.13 ± 0.01^ab	7.89 ± 0.31^b	4.27 ± 0.15^bc	0.34 ± 0.04^ab	5.67 ± 0.32^cd	11.60 ± 0.46^gh	70.20 ± 0.57^de	2.87 ± 0.08^c
Bhima Shakti	0.09 ± 0.00^a	8.79 ± 0.44^bc	4.37 ± 0.15^bc	0.41 ± 0.02^d	5.05 ± 0.23^abc	6.90 ± 0.20^a	74.48 ± 0.79^f	5.08 ± 0.08^h
Bhima Shubhra	0.14 ± 0.01^bc	6.46 ± 0.47^a	3.93 ± 0.15^a	0.30 ± 0.02^a	5.49 ± 0.49^bcd	7.83 ± 0.25^b	75.89 ± 0.20^g	n.d.
Hissar-2	0.30 ± 0.01^f	10.76 ± 0.67^de	5.40 ± 0.20^ef	0.45 ± 0.05^de	5.07 ± 0.15^abc	10.93 ± 0.15^fg	67.39 ± 0.79^b	6.72 ± 0.17^l
Hissar-3	0.21 ± 0.02^de	8.88 ± 0.29^bc	4.43 ± 0.21^c	0.41 ± 0.02^cd	7.03 ± 0.43^f	10.07 ± 0.15^d	69.81 ± 0.34^cd	5.68 ± 0.21^j
NHRDF Red	0.17 ± 0.05^bc	8.76 ± 1.24^bc	5.97 ± 0.15^h	0.43 ± 0.03^de	8.28 ± 0.20^g	12.24 ± 0.59^h	64.32 ± 0.99^a	8.63 ± 0.17^m
Phursungi Local	0.24 ± 0.04^e	9.87 ± 0.50^cd	4.30 ± 0.10^bc	0.43 ± 0.02^de	4.80 ± 0.26^ab	9.84 ± 0.31^d	70.77 ± 0.89^e	5.30 ± 0.17^i
Pusa Madhavi	0.40 ± 0.01^h	13.23 ± 0.90^f	4.10 ± 0.10^abc	0.36 ± 0.02^b	4.45 ± 0.44^a	10.85 ± 0.71^ef	67.02 ± 0.73^b	6.11 ± 0.04^k
Pusa red	0.09 ± 0.02^a	10.33 ± 0.95^de	4.03 ± 0.15^ab	0.47 ± 0.02^e	5.67 ± 0.42^cd	8.88 ± 0.69^c	70.62 ± 1.63^de	2.61 ± 0.14^b
Pusa Riddhi	0.16 ± 0.04^bc	6.27 ± 0.56^a	4.80 ± 0.10^d	0.36 ± 0.02^bc	5.04 ± 0.81^abc	6.88 ± 0.39^a	76.66 ± 0.56^g	3.82 ± 0.06^e
Sukhsagar	0.13 ± 0.02^b	9.98 ± 0.11^cd	5.60 ± 0.20^fg	0.33 ± 0.03^ab	6.17 ± 0.31^de	10.18 ± 0.31^de	67.74 ± 0.53^bc	4.15 ± 0.04^f
Udaipur Local	0.18 ± 0.01^cd	6.76 ± 0.43^a	3.90 ± 0.10^a	0.31 ± 0.02^a	4.57 ± 0.35^a	8.03 ± 0.15^b	76.43 ± 0.69^g	n.d.

Values are mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values with different superscripts ^ah in the same column are significantly different () by Duncan’s multiple range test.