Tunisian Pistachio Hull Extracts: Phytochemical Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Foodborne Pathogen Inhibition
Table 4
Anti-gram-positive bacteria activity of pistachio hull samples extracted by hexane, acetonitrile, acetone, and water.
Anti-S. aureus (mm)
Anti-L. monocytogenes (mm)
Anti-B. cereus (mm)
HEX
ACTN
ACN
Water
HEX
ACTN
ACN
Water
HEX
ACTN
ACN
Water
Sfax (S)
12.25 ± 0.66aA
12.83 ± 0.50bA
14.33 ± 0.70aB
14.25 ± 0.65aB
10.25 ± 0.51aA
12.75 ± 0.61aB
13.75 ± 0.62aBC
14.23 ± 0.72aA
12.00 ± 0.45abA
12.33 ± 0.43aA
14.83 ± 0.73aB
14.25 ± 0.45aB
Sidi Bouzid (SB)
12.75 ± 0.50aB
11.00 ± 0.55aA
14.5 ± 0.66aC
16.83 ± 0.91bD
12.50 ± 0.60bA
13.25 ± 0.66aB
13.50 ± 0.65aB
15.83 ± 0.77bB
12.25 ± 0.60bA
14.50 ± 0.65bB
17.83 ± 0.81cC
18.75 ± 0.85cC
Gafsa (G)
12.83 ± 0.68aA
13.75 ± 0.66bB
14.5 ± 0.72aC
18.66 ± 0.66cD
12.33 ± 0.67bA
13.00 ± 0.50aA
13.33 ± 0.67aA
17.25 ± 0.65aC
11.33 ± 0.56aA
14.25 ± 0.55bB
15.75 ± 0.55bC
16.25 ± 0.75bD
Values with a different letter (a–c) within a column of the same extraction solvent are significantly different (); values with a different letter (A–C) within a row of the anti-gram-positive activity are significantly different (); ± standard deviation of three replicates. HEX: hexane; ACTN: acetone; ACN: acetonitrile.