Valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation (ViV-TAVI) was first implemented for the treatment of patients who underwent previous surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) with bioprostheses that developed structural valve degeneration (SVD).

Recently, there is an upward trend for the use of ViV-TAVI in patients to avoid redo-SAVR. Due to the increasing rates of ViV-TAVI use, data on outcomes and variables impacting outcomes are of interest. Along with the "hype" for ViV-TAVI, recently published research has demonstrated a higher risk of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM), which led to the use of bioprosthetic valve fracture (BVF) as a tool to enable "structuralists" to implant a larger transcatheter heart valves (THVs) to avoid PPM (a major issue in the field of structural heart).

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together original research and review articles (with or without meta-analysis) on outcomes for ViV-TAVI with BVF. Submissions should discuss the management of intra- and postprocedural outcomes, variables associated with poor outcomes, and strategies for subgroups (previous aortic root surgery/enlargement or small annulus). Descriptions of techniques/armamentarium for challenging cases are also welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Mortality rate (periprocedural rate and early results)
• Risk factors of aortic annulus rupture after BVF
• Management of permanent pacemaker implantation after BVF
• Strategies to minimize ischemic stroke after BVF
• Appropriateness of bioprosthetic valves for ViV-TAVI with BVF
• ViV-TAVI with BVF in patients with previous aortic root surgery
• Trends of results during postprocedural follow-up
• Strategies for the management of paravalvular leaks after ViV-TAVI with BVF
• Changes in hemodynamic parameters post-BVF-ViV-TAVI (gradient and aortic valve area)
• Risk of coronary obstruction for ViV-TAVI with BVF
• ViV-TAVI with BVF in patients with small aortic annulus