Bioactive Substances, Heavy Metals, and Antioxidant Activity in Whole Fruit, Peel, and Pulp of Citrus Fruits

Table 2

Content of phytochemicals in citrus pulp (F), peel (P), and whole fruits (W).

Fruit/index	Part	Orange	Pomelo	Mandarin	Lemon	Key lime	Red grapefruit	Green grapefruit	White grapefruit
Phenolic compounds (mg GAE/100 g)	F	^a	^e	^c	6^d	^c	^a	^e	^b
	P	^b	^a	^e	^d	^c	^e	^de	^a
	W	^c	^a	^ef	^e	^d	^cd	^f	^a
Ascorbic acid (mg/100 g)	F	^c	^a	^d	^b	^d	^f	^e	^f
	P	^c	^e	^c	^f	^d	^c	^a	^b
	W	^ab	^a	^bc	^bc	^c	^d	^ab	^c
Tannins (μg/100 g)	F	^d	^f	^e	^e	^c	^b	^a	^b
	P	^f	^c	^cd	^de	^b	^b	^e	^a
	W	^d	^d	^c	^c	^b	^a	^a	^a
Statistical analysis
F^1vs. P
Phenolic compounds		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Ascorbic acid		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Tannins		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
F^2vs. W
Phenolic compounds		0.050	0.003	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.037	<0.001	<0.001
Ascorbic acid		0.039	<0.001	0.050	<0.001	<0.001	0.024	<0.001	<0.001
Tannins		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.772	<0.001

^a,b,c,d,e,fValues in rows with different letters are significantly different at : F rows—superscript letters indicate statistically significant differences in phytochemical composition in the pulp (F) between citrus cultivars; P rows—superscript letters indicate statistically significant differences in phytochemical composition in the peel (P) between citrus cultivars. W rows—superscript letters indicate statistically significant differences in phytochemical composition in the whole fruit (W) between citrus cultivars. ^1,2Legend: see Table 1.