Bragg diffraction which provides effective acoustooptic interaction of three-color radiation with a single acoustic wave at a high frequency of sound is proposed and tested in a single crystal of paratellurite at the wavelengths of &#x3bb;= 0.488, 0.514, and 0.633 &#x3bc;m. Maximal diffraction efficiency of radiation with &#x3bb;=0.633 &#x3bc;m at acoustic frequency of 150 MHz is 88&#x25; and that with &#x3bb;= 0.488 &#x3bc;m and &#x3bb;=0.514 &#x3bc;m is 60&#x25;. In diffraction efficiency range from 0 to 40&#x25; the dependence of all beams on acoustic power is the same.

V. M. Kotov

S. V. Averin

Acoustooptic Diffraction of Three-Color Radiation on a Single Acoustic Wave

We present a digital holographic method to increase height range measurement with a reduced phase ambiguity using a dual-directional illumination. Small changes in the angle of incident illumination introduce phase differences between the recorded complex fields. We decrease relative phase difference between the recorded complex fields 279 and 139 times by changing the angle of incident 0.5° and 1°, respectively. A two cent Euro coin edge groove is used to measure the shape. The groove depth is measured as ≈300  <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" id="M1" height="9.39034pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 17.6371 9.39034" width="17.6371pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-234" d="M538 96L524 119C492 88 454 63 446 63C439 63 434 70 440 101C463 223 491 341 518 448H508L433 422L401 276C355 192 240 56 188 56C163 56 154 89 163 133C184 233 207 338 235 443L230 448L152 424L58 17C40 -60 23 -143 23 -185C23 -241 42 -261 63 -261C92 -261 117 -241 125 -227L124 -221C109 -209 89 -165 89 -103C89 -55 96 -13 105 26H107C121 -3 134 -12 151 -12C172 -12 194 -5 221 16C279 61 330 124 384 194H386C381 159 377 141 368 105C343 3 363 -12 383 -12C416 -12 486 35 538 96Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.216,0)"><path id="g113-110" d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z"/></g></svg>. Further, numerical refocusing and analysis of speckle displacements in two different planes are used to measure the depth without a use of phase unwrapping process.

Davood Khodadad

Combined Reduced Phase Dual-Directional Illumination Digital Holography and Speckle Displacements for Shape Measurement

Glasses with the Na2O&#x2013;ZnO&#x2013;P2O5 composition and doped with single CeO2, Sm2O3, or mixed dopants were melted and studied. Collective optical, photoluminescence, and FT-infrared spectral studies were carried out. CeO2-doped glasses show two extra UV absorption bands due to Ce4+ and Ce3+ ions while Sm2O3-doped samples reveal pronounced peaks collected into two segments from 367 to 472&#x2009;nm and from 950 to 1623&#x2009;nm which are characteristic of absorption from Sm3+ ions. The mixed dopants glasses show combined UV-visible&#x2013;near-IR absorption peaks due to cerium (Ce4+, Ce3+) ions and samarium (Sm3+) ions. The photoluminescence spectra (PL) of the single CeO2-doped and Sm2O3-doped glasses and even the mixed dopant sample reveal luminescence spectra after excitation which are characteristic of the rare-earth ions. The intensities for both excited or emitted peaks are found to increase with the increase of the rare-earth percent. FTIR spectra of the glasses show pronounced vibrational peaks related to phosphate groups (Q2 and Q3 units) in accordance with the P2O5 percent (70&#x2009;mol &#x25;).

M. A. Marzouk

H. A. ElBatal

Y. M. Hamdy

F. M. Ezz-Eldin

Collective Optical, FTIR, and Photoluminescence Spectra of CeO2 and/or Sm2O3-Doped Na2O&#x2013;ZnO&#x2013;P2O5 Glasses

This paper presents a detailed study of N-channels Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Optical transmission system using Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology. The study was applied to optical long-haul networks to overcome the nonlinearity effects, chromatic dispersion, and signal loss. For this purpose, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) has been implemented in 4-channels, 8-channels, and 16 channels WDM transmission system network at 10 Gb/s to compensate the dispersion and the nonlinear distortion. The use of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) has been also investigated to improve the quality of the transmission system. In Digital RoF, the impact analysis of modulation types such as Differential Phase-Shift Keying (DPSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is also introduced. Constellation diagrams, received optical power, types of modulation, fiber dispersion, channel spacing variation, and laser power were considered to validate the study with the existing studies. All results achieve good reliability performance and prove the efficiency of the presented model.

Badiaa Ait Ahmed

Otman Aghzout

Mounia Chakkour

Fahd Chaoui

Azzeddin Naghar

Transmission Performance Analysis of WDM Radio over Fiber Technology for Next Generation Long-Haul Optical Networks

Computer simulation of the interferometer combining properties of low-sensitive Talbot interferometer and high-sensitive holographic interferometer is considered. The interferometer has four output channels having different sensitivity. Channel sensibility can be varied by means of spatial filtration. The base of the interferometer is the holographic Talbot effect. The efficiency of this interferometer was verified by computer simulation method. Some results of the computer simulation are presented in the article. These results were compared with results obtained in optical experiments under the same conditions. A wide range of sensitivity of the interferometer makes it possible to use the interferometer to study complex phase objects, primarily dynamic media.

Yusupzhan Kh. Ismanov

Nasipbek K. Dzhamankyzov

Holographic Interferometer for the Study of Phase Media, Which Has Four Output Channels of Different Sensitivity

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International Journal of Optics publishes both fundamental and highly applied studies on the nature of light, its properties and behaviours, and its interaction with matter.

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Chief Editor, Professor Cerullo, leads the Ultrafast Spectroscopy group at the Department of Physics at the Polytechnic University of Milan. His research activity has mainly focused on the physics and applications of ultrashort pulse lasers.

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International Journal of Optics | Hindawi

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International Journal of Optics publishes both fundamental and highly applied studies on the nature of light, its properties and behaviours, and its interaction with matter.

International Journal of Optics